Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Jacob Zuma Essay Example for Free
Jacob Zuma Essay But it was not easy for him to get this position. His father died at the end of World War 2. After his father death his mother took up employment as a domestic worker in Durban. He spent his childhood moving between Zululand and the suburbs of Durban and by the age 15 he took on odd jobs to supplement his mother’s income. Also he did not receive formal schooling. He learned to read and write properly in his late teens while serving as a young trade union activist. He became involved in politics at an early age and joined that African Notational congress in 1959. He became an active member of umkhonto we sizwe witch means (Spear of the nation) in 1962 following the banning of the ANC in 1960. While on his way out of the country in 1963 he was arrested with a group of 45 people recruits near zeerust by the northern west province. Convicted of conspiring to overthrow the government, he was sentenced to 10 years’ imprisonment, which he served on Robben Island. While in prison he was given to the chance to get more of an education. After his release Jacob Zuma helped mobilize internal resistance and was instrumental in the reestablishment of ANC underground structures in the then natal province thought out 1973-1975. He left South Africa in 1975and for the next 12 years, based in Swaziland and then Mow-zum-beek dealing with thousands of young exiles who poured out south Africa in the wake of Soweto uprising. HE lived in several African countries working for ANC, where he rose rapidly to become a member of the ANC National Executive committee in 1977. He also served as the Deputy Chief Representative of the Anc in Mow-zum-beek, post he occupied until the signing of the Nkomati Accord between the Mow-zum-bican and south African government in 1984. After the signing of the Accord, he was appointed as Chief Representative of the ANC and was one of the few who remained in Mow-zum-beek to carry out the work of the organization, crossing in and out of South Africa on a number of occasions. Jacob was forced to leave Mow-zum-beek in January 1987 after considerable pressure on the Mowzumbican government. HE moved to the ANC Head of office in Lusaka Zambia where he was appointed Head of underground structures and shortly thereafter chief of intelligence department. It’s a long way for a man to come considering his childhood and never having any formal education, having been in prison for 10 year. If he can overcome those odds than anybody should be able to become president.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Class Difference in the Renaissance and in Shakespeares As You Like It
Class Difference in the Renaissance and As You Like It        Notions about class distinctions during the Renaissance became more ambiguous than at any other period of time. "Many countries moved from a feudal to a capitalist economy, leading to some of the worst peasants' revolts in the history of Europe."(Aston) During the last quarter of the 1500's the conditions for social status and position were going through radical changes, as "the boundaries between the upper elite and the gentry as well as those between these groups and the wealthier professional classes below them were particularly ambiguous." (Bailey)  There came about a term called sorts, which essentially split the population into two roughly defined classes. There were the better sorts, which included the noblemen, gentlemen, and yeomen. The meaner sorts included the husbandmen, artisans, and laborers. The citizens or merchants could go into either category depending upon income, rank in society, local reputation, profession, and age. Citizens rose in the ranks due to an economic boom in "national trading, service industries, manufacturing businesses, and government posts." (Bailey) The laboring classes saw an increased number of skilled workers and the availability of printed literature provided educational advances. The traditional gauges of status such as "birth, wealth, occupation, political allegiance, and life style, as well as regional, religious, and professional affiliation," (Bailey) were beginning to fade.  To maintain some order, Queen Elizabeth declared a clothing proclamation in 1562. In summary, apparel was one of the primary means through which royalty and the upper class could proclaim their authority and power. One coul... ...the heir of property and money. Our own ways of judging people and situations is deeply rooted in the social changes that took place in the English Renaissance.  WORKS CITED Aston, Margaret. The Panorama of the Renaissance. New York: Abradale Press, 2000. Bailey, Amanda. "Monstrous Manner: Style and the Early Modern Theatre" Criticism , Vol. 43, Issue III 2001. The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed. CD-ROM, Oxford: Oxford UP, 1992. Ronk, Martha Clare. "Locating the Visual in As You Like It," The Shakespeare Quarterly Vol. 52, Issue II, 2001. Shakespeare, William. " As You Like It." The Oxford Shakespeare The Complete Works. Ed. Stanley Wells, Gary Taylor, and William Montgomery, Oxford: Oxford UP, 1999. Wall, Wendy. "Why Does Puck Sweep?: Fairylore, MerryWives, & Social Struggle," The Shakespeare Quarterly Vol. 52. Issue I 2001. Â
Sunday, January 12, 2020
Parties and party systems: A framework for analysis Essay
Political parties Introduction            Political parties are present in nations all over the world and politicians use parties as a way to outline their efforts in order to be elected. Political parties can be seen as social movements, with politicians trying to persuade people to consider their party. However, they have created legitimacy in a nation with widespread approval of institutional or government power. Although political parties have varying ranks of participation in their corresponding governments, many nations are used to permit members of several political parties to be represented in the ratio with a prevalent electoral vote. Moreover, other nations comprise of only one political party and still other nations are controlled by a small number of political parties. Consequently, political system of America has extensively been described as a â€Å"two political parties’ nation. This has endured persistent, although the political parties which were in charge have been modified and there are a number of outlooks as to why this is so (De Leon, 2004).            The two major parties in the United State have failed to meet the expectations of their followers. Their supporters are looking forward for a day when other political parties will have a say in the United State, a day when they will vote for a president from another party other than the Democrat or Republican. Is not that they are no other political parties in the United State, but there are small parties that cannot fit in the current political system (Mann, 2013). Two-party system was introduced in the United State by Alexander Hamilton’s with an aim of introducing a new political era. The system was effective because there was healthy competition between the Republicans and the Democrats for many years. However, this system has been misused by the current political leaders.            According to Popkin (2012), in the past, Republican were known for their interest on matters of private enterprise and government while the Democrats were well known for their fighting spirit when it comes to the issues of the common man and labor rights. Currently there has been a dramatic change in these responsibilities because politicians of both parties have become selfish, self-centered and corrupt. Republicans leader’s supports lobbying groups which they well know that they have huge number of followers; a good example is the gay marriage group which was in support by the republicans in 2012 presidential elections. The common people are left to suffer and that is a good reason why voters are looking for another presidential candidate from a different party other than republicans or democrats.            United State needs another party which will be moderate. Citizens need a party that will consider the rights of all citizens regardless of their race, gender or financial status. A party that will not support lobbying groups and its leaders will not be self-centered or corrupt. The moderate party will be run with transparency and thus they will be free to tell the truth to its followers. This party will force the democrats and the republicans to change their leadership system, and thus the Democrats and the Republican will try to copy the moderate party policies. All that is the dream of the voters who are tired of the two-party system in the United State and maybe it will come to reality one day (Ornstein, 2013).            The republicans and the democrats have a strong influence in the government because they believe if they are in the government, they have the rules. This slogan makes it hard for other parties to rise inthe United States (Mair, 2005). The two parties are rich and thus they have all the money to support their presidential candidates. This enhances the popularity of the candidate and thus they end up winning the elections. The solution to this dominance of the two political parties is that all the presidential candidates should be publically funded so that they can be given equal amount of money for their campaigns. Voters now will be free to elect leaders not because of their political parties or financial status but because of their ideology.            The topic of the two political parties in the United State and the demand for a change from the voters is interesting to everybody in the whole world. People all over the world find this topic of political system in the United State interesting because of its uniqueness. Many democratic countries have multi-party system where various political parties are involved in the government compared to the United State where there are only two horses. A lot of people tend to study this topic in order to know how the government is run by the two parties, how elections are conducted with only two candidates and why the other parties fail to rise in this system. Demand by voters for another moderate party is the most interesting issue in this topic, but will the current dominance of the republicans and democrats allow this change? And who will introduce this moderate party? This is the most interesting topic in the Americans politics (McAuliffe, 2007) .            The current evolution of politics in the United States must include numerous political parties to vie for the presidency position and other positions. The idea of considering only two parties does not fulfill the rights of political development in any governing nation and inclusion of third parties should mostly be deliberated. Though the American political structure has reliably been in this two party system, third parties occasionally stimulate elections and the candidates for those third party still sometime obtain elected posts in various states. The two party system is an influential system of politics because the two parties recognizes their mutual interests and they can keep for third party from gaining popularity and impact (Holt, 1992). New parties bring new ideas and philosophies in the world of politics. Collaboration of the two main parties to keep any other competitor party from gaining ground extremely brings a difficult chal lenge to any incoming third party.            Since the representation of the Green Party in the 1984 election, where it acted as the third party, deduction can be made that third parties have lacked interest in politics. Inclusion of third parties comprises much significance to many citizens and the same time offer great threat to the dominating parties. Third parties embrace people who feel strongly about a certain issue because that party focuses exclusively on it and this party can be closely tied to a particular region, which can raise their appeal. A third political party suggests numerous government practices and policies which lead to progress in a state generally. Third parties accomplish an impression on the political landscape and they have been having more achievement in elections than before (Conor and Lem, 2006).            If there is an inclusion of a third party in the current politics of the United States, major and prominent parties (Republican and Democrat) can address positively on divisible problems due to pressure and stiff competition. Moreover, third party like the Green Party can challenge one of the dominant party on various issues such as social justice while the other third party can position problems to the other major party. In simple terms, candidates of third party speak more honestly and freely than their major party opponents, addressing issues and facts that the foremost parties would often prefer to disregard. The reason behind this is because third parties usually consider themselves as having little chance of winning thus displaying their infidelity to the citizens (Hirano, 2007).            Snyder and Hirano (2007) have stated various factors which have potentially contributed to the existence of a two party system in the United States. One of the factors that influence mostly is the state of the economy in America. The state of the economy in America discourages the third party due to its necessities since third parties are just developing parties. Therefore, they do not have adequate funds to manage the status of the economy. High cost of political campaigns contributes greatly to lack of third political in the politics of the United States. The cost of managing and maintaining campaigns in all states of America is extremely high and this is a disadvantage to third parties because of inadequate funds. In addition, the rise of candidate-centered politics and political power at the national level has resulted to the two party system. However, electoral legislation which has influenced America is the Australian ballot whereby it involves restrictions as to who can appear on it. These limits create high obstacles which can only be controlled by any political with high amount of money.            In conclusion, these views and opinions can be considered as theory which needs to be validated in the political system of America. All factors leading to the deterioration of third parties can be tied to diversity. A great compact of resistance happens between political parties due to pressure on competition of generating voters thus strengthening the democracy of a nation. Existence of political parties ensures that there is no political perspective ignored and may be the reason the two party systems is well accepted in America. Generally, the dominance of third party in the political system of America will highly influence and modify its development. The foundation of all factors that are hindering the existence of a third party is based on the current political system in America and this gives an impression that with most factors considered, it is possible for things to change. References De Leon, C. (2004). â€Å"Radicals in Our Midst: the American Critique of Capitalism in Hirano, S. and James M. Snyder, Jr. (2007). â€Å"The Decline of Third-Party Voting in the United States†The Journal of Politics, 69:1.Holt, M. F. (1992). Political parties and American political development: From the age of Jackson to the age of Lincoln. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. Lem, S. B., and Conor M. D. (2006). â€Å"Picking Their Spots: Minor PartyCandidates in Gubernatorial Elections†Political Research Quarterly, 59:3. Saved April 6, 2012. Available: JSTOR Mann, T. E., & Ornstein, N. J. (2013). It’s even worse than it looks: How the American constitutional system collided with the new politics of extremism. New York: Basic Books. McAuliffe, T., & Kettmann, S. (2007). What a party!: My life among Democrats : presidents, candidates, donors, activists, alligators, and other wild animals. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. Popkin, S. L. (2012). The candidate: What it takes to win, and hold, the White House. New York: Oxford University Press. Sartori, G., & Mair, P. (2005). Parties and party systems: A framework for analysis. Colchester: ECPR. The Chicago Two-Party System, 1833-1867.†Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association San Francisco, California. Source document
Saturday, January 4, 2020
The marketing strategy of Oxyglobin - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 598 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/17 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Financial Analysis Essay Did you like this example? How best to exploit the opportunity presented by Oxyglobin without jeopardizing the potential of Hemopure is a tough problem for Biopure’s executive. According to the financial analysis, it is suggested that Biopure begin to sell Oxyglobin at $150 per unit to emergency care practice at the Veterinary Blood Market and have its own distribution network. This will make a profit of $5 million at first year and $17 million thereafter. The steadfast income will consolidate Biopure’s financial structure and enhance the competiveness of Hemopure. The potential annual values are $794 $135 million for Hemopure Oxyglobin respectively. The human blood substitutes market would be monopoly if only Hemopure released, so the Oxyglobin influence could be omitted. Otherwise, if competitors with similar selling price appear, production cost and capacity will dominate the market share. Unfortunately, the residual capital without launching Oxyglobin can not meet the cost requir ement of a new production line. Therefore, launching Oxyglobin is a support rather than a threat. The marketing strategy of Oxyglobin will be mentioned below. First, Biopure has to concentrate on the emergency care market instead of primary care market since the research shows relatively higher gross revenue in emergency care practices despite the rare 5% frequency. In addition, the annual requirement of blood transfusion in emergency care practices is approximately 900,900 units, which exceed 300,000 units – the capacity of Oxyglobin. In other words, the whole Oxyglobin can be successfully sold out because of the deficit blood supply. Furthermore, pet owners are more willing to pay for emergency care than pay for primary care. Therefore, Biopure can only focus its target on emergency care practices market in the initial stage. Second, $150 per unit is a proper price for Oxyglobin because of the results offered by the pet owners’ and veterinarians’ surveys . The results indicated that $150 and $300 per unit are willingly accepted by veterinarian and pet owner when most clients face critical cases. Aside from that, a pet owner will pay $130 to $170 per unit in a typical emergency care practice under the â€Å"donor animal†system. Oxyglobin at $150 can motivate clients easily and show profitable. Third, Biopure can set up a brand called â€Å"Pure Blood Bank†in charge of the product distribution. After comparing the distribution cost between independent distributors and manufacturer direct, Biopure can find manufacturer direct are more attractive. Those independent distributors will charge Oxyglobin at $150 as less-established product for $45 per unit. The cost of Biopure’s own network, however, is estimated to be $10 to $15 per unit to physically distribute Oxyglobin. The difference between costs for training the sales reps every year and those for maintaining its own sales force is subtly nuanced $2 milli on per year. Even more, â€Å"Pure Blood Bank†is planned to entry human blood market when Hemopure is going to debut. Fourth, promotion and education of Oxyglobin to veterinarians at trade publications and trade shows are necessary. Biopure sales reps also provide the training to veterinarians when they distribute Oxyglobin. In addition, not only at veterinary hospitals but also at pet’s product retailers, Oxyglobin are going to be advertised to introduce the advantages to pet owners. The annual promotional fee is estimated to be 6 million. To forecast the revenue, Biopure can gain about $45 million annually before Hemopure releases, as long as Oxyglobin are sold out due to the strong demand. The estimated profit of Oxyglobin will be $17 million although it is hard to reach at first year and expected to emerge from the next year. Since Biopure has the uncertainty of FDA approval to Hemopure and the manifest competitors, strengthening the capital venture by increasi ng earning and possessing a steady income is inevitable. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The marketing strategy of Oxyglobin" essay for you Create order
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